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动物设施内为什么要放轻音乐?:修订间差异

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=== 《Guide》要求 ===
=== 《Guide》要求 ===
[[Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition]]P50提到了sound的问题,“Because changes in patterns of sound exposure have different effects on different animals (Armario et al. 1985; Clough 1982), personnel should try to minimize the production of unnecessary noise. Excessive and intermittent noise can be minimized by training personnel in alternatives to noisy prac- tices, the use of cushioned casters and bumpers on carts, trucks, and racks, and proper equipment maintenance (e.g., castor lubrication). Radios, alarms, and other sound generators should not be used in animal rooms unless they are part of an approved protocol or enrichment program. Any radios or sound generators used should be switched off at the end of the working day to mini- mize associated adverse physiologic changes (Baldwin 2007). ”
在《[[Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition]]》中 P50提到了sound的问题,“Because changes in patterns of sound exposure have different effects on different animals (Armario et al. 1985; Clough 1982), personnel should try to minimize the production of unnecessary noise. Excessive and intermittent noise can be minimized by training personnel in alternatives to noisy prac- tices, the use of cushioned casters and bumpers on carts, trucks, and racks, and proper equipment maintenance (e.g., castor lubrication). Radios, alarms, and other sound generators should not be used in animal rooms unless they are part of an approved protocol or enrichment program. Any radios or sound generators used should be switched off at the end of the working day to mini- mize associated adverse physiologic changes (Baldwin 2007). ”


翻译成中文:由于声音暴露模式的变化对不同动物的影响各不相同(Armario 等,1985;Clough,1982),工作人员应尽量减少不必要的噪音产生。
翻译成中文:由于声音暴露模式的变化对不同动物的影响各不相同(Armario 等,1985;Clough,1982),工作人员应尽量减少不必要的噪音产生。

2026年2月6日 (五) 18:28的最新版本

在科研用实验动物设施屏障内里播放轻音乐,可不只是为了让实验室显得更有调调。这其实是一项基于动物福利和实验精准度的科学管理手段。

法律法规及标准要求

北京市地方标准要求

在北京市地方标准DB11/T 1734-2020 《实验动物福利伦理审查技术规范》的“7 审查要点”下写明“7.2.4 动物的饲养条件应满足环境丰富和安全舒适;可播放使动物舒适的背景音乐;可科学地放置适宜动物嬉戏的物品和动物玩具。” [1]

《Guide》要求

在《Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition》中 P50提到了sound的问题,“Because changes in patterns of sound exposure have different effects on different animals (Armario et al. 1985; Clough 1982), personnel should try to minimize the production of unnecessary noise. Excessive and intermittent noise can be minimized by training personnel in alternatives to noisy prac- tices, the use of cushioned casters and bumpers on carts, trucks, and racks, and proper equipment maintenance (e.g., castor lubrication). Radios, alarms, and other sound generators should not be used in animal rooms unless they are part of an approved protocol or enrichment program. Any radios or sound generators used should be switched off at the end of the working day to mini- mize associated adverse physiologic changes (Baldwin 2007). ”

翻译成中文:由于声音暴露模式的变化对不同动物的影响各不相同(Armario 等,1985;Clough,1982),工作人员应尽量减少不必要的噪音产生。

可以通过以下方式最大限度地减少过量和间歇性噪音:培训工作人员采用替代噪音操作的方法;在推车、卡车和货架上使用带缓冲垫的脚轮和保险杠;以及进行适当的设备维护(例如,润滑脚轮)。

除非是经批准的实验方案或环境丰富化计划的一部分,否则不得在动物房内使用收音机、警报器和其他声音发生器。

所有使用的收音机或声音发生器都应在工作日结束时关闭,以最大限度地减少相关的不良生理变化(Baldwin,2007)。

实验动物“听音乐”的可能原因

要给实验动物“听音乐”的几个核心原因 [2][3][4][5] ,如下:

1. 遮蔽突发噪音

实验动物设施内通常非常安静,任何突发的声响,比如开门声、小推车经过的声音、掉落的器皿或工作人员的交谈等,都会显得格外刺耳。

突发的尖锐噪音会让动物产生强烈的“惊跳反射”,放轻音乐后可以减少惊吓反应。

持续、平缓的轻音乐提供了一种“背景白噪音”,能有效模糊掉这些突发噪音的边界,减少动物受惊的频率,达到背景遮噪的目的。

2. 降低应激反应

实验动物(尤其是啮齿类)对环境压力非常敏感,应激反应(Stress Reduction)将强。长期处于高度警觉状态会导致动物体内的皮质醇(压力荷尔蒙)水平升高。

轻音乐有助于维持动物的心率和血压等生理参数更加稳定。

在有背景音乐的环境中,动物表现出焦虑性刻板行为(如不停转圈、咬笼架)的概率通常更低。

3. 环境丰富化

现在的实验动物管理非常强调“环境丰富化”(Environmental Enrichment),即在物理和感官上提升动物的生活质量。

适当的声音刺激被视为一种感官上的丰富化手段,能防止动物因为长期处于单调、封闭的环境中而产生抑郁或反应迟钝。


参考文献

  1. DB11/T 1734-2020 《实验动物福利伦理审查技术规范》的“7 审查要点”:7.2.4,见链接:https://wiki.aniinn.com/r/4H
  2. Kühlmann AYR, de Rooij A, Hunink MGM, De Zeeuw CI, Jeekel J. Music Affects Rodents: A Systematic Review of Experimental Research. Front Behav Neurosci. 2018 Dec 14;12:301. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00301. PMID: 30618659; PMCID: PMC6302112.
  3. Alworth LC, Buerkle SC. The effects of music on animal physiology, behavior and welfare. Lab Anim (NY). 2013 Feb;42(2):54-61. doi: 10.1038/laban.162. PMID: 23340788.
  4. Gabriella Korsós, Krisztina Horváth, Anita Lukács, Tünde Vezér, Róbert Glávits, Kinga Fodor, Sándor György Fekete, Effects of accelerated human music on learning and memory performance of rats, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Volume 202, 2018, Pages 94-99, ISSN 0168-1591, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2018.01.011.
  5. Patterson-Kane EG, Farnworth MJ. Noise exposure, music, and animals in the laboratory: a commentary based on Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment Forum (LAREF) discussions. J Appl Anim Welf Sci. 2006;9(4):327-32. doi: 10.1207/s15327604jaws0904_7. PMID: 17209756.